Understanding Your Dog’s Dewclaws: What You Need to Know

Understanding Your Dog’s Dewclaws: What You Need to Know

As a dog owner, you’re probably familiar with the sound of your pup’s claws clicking on the hardwood floor or digging in the dirt. But did you know that dogs have an “extra” toenail called a dewclaw? In this blog post, we’ll explore what dewclaws are, why dogs have them, and how to care for these special digits.

What Are Dewclaws?

When you take a look at your dog’s front paws, the dewclaw is the toe and nail that sits a little higher up the leg than the rest of your dog’s toes. It’s similar to the position of the human thumb on a hand. Some dogs also have dewclaws on their rear feet, and certain breeds like the Great Pyrenees have double dewclaws, meaning you’ll see two digits (and two nails) in the dewclaw spot.

Why Do Dogs Have Dewclaws?

According to Natalie Marks, DVM, and co-founder of VetScoop, dogs’ ancestors were climbers, and their dewclaws helped them climb trees and cliffs. As the species evolved, the dewclaws moved higher up the paw, coming off the ground. While most dogs no longer use their dewclaws for climbing, some working dog breeds still rely on them for gripping and stabilization.

For example, hunting, military, and search-and-rescue dogs may use their dewclaws to navigate rough terrain more quickly. Additionally, dog breeds from frigid climates use their dewclaws to grip ice and climb out of water if needed.

Which Dog Breeds Have Dewclaws?

All dog breeds are born with front dewclaws. Only a handful of breeds, such as the Icelandic sheepdog and Saint Bernard, have them on their back paws as well. If you don’t see any dewclaws on your dog, it’s likely because the breeder had them removed shortly after birth.

Is Dog Dewclaw Removal Necessary?

While some breeders opt to have puppies’ dewclaws removed shortly after birth to prevent future injuries, adult dewclaw removal is rare and typically only done in cases of permanent injury, tumors, fractures, or infections that won’t heal. Dewclaw injuries are not common in pet dogs, and removal is not usually necessary.

Common Dewclaw Injuries

Broken Dewclaws

Broken dewclaws can bleed if the quick is exposed. To stop the bleeding, you can use cornstarch as a temporary hemostatic agent. If the bleeding continues or the nail is fractured, it’s best to see a veterinarian for treatment.

Infection

Dewclaws, like other toes, can develop ingrown nails and infections. Signs of infection include changes in color, swelling, and odor. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, bandaging, and an e-collar to prevent licking.

Dewclaw Care

To prevent injuries, it’s important to monitor and trim your dog’s dewclaws regularly. Since dewclaws don’t touch the ground, they can quickly become overgrown. With proper maintenance, however, dewclaws shouldn’t be a problem.

Understanding your dog’s dewclaws and how to care for them can help keep your furry friend happy and healthy. By staying informed and proactive, you can ensure that your pup’s special digits stay in tip-top shape.